Questions of RTMNU

Electronics and Communication

1.  Last 4 years questions of ECE branch 7th Sem(NAGPUR UNIVERSITY)

• go through the link
• https://solveout.in/7th-sem-et-ec/
• Directly you can download the question paper

THE FACT ABOUT ELITMUS

                                    IT'S ALL ABOUT ELITMUS DAY

I have recently given elitmus xam on 22nd oct,2017 , I was amazed to see the level of questions come out der.Seriously guys i m telling you if u r not preparing to a great extent then better not to give dat xam,the toughness level is extremely high.
Coming to the different sections ,the first section was quants which was the most difficult section,even i was unable to solve a single question,then i started searching for dat question which i may able to solve,then i got 2 to 3 questions which i may solve and then after getting into a vain i supposed to enter the second section which was problem solving , it is a bit easy section if i compare it wid quants but not dat easy such dat u can solve 9 to 10 questions but ya i may not be surprised if u tel me dat i have solved 15 in this section,u may solve but for dat a consistent and disciplined study is required .The major questions are from Number system and pnc and probability.
Now the third section was verbal section which was the easiest among the all if i have to say.YOU may prepare for this section from prepinsta and all websites.

PREPARATION TIPS 

1. Go through Arun sharma quantitative books
2. At least solve level 2 questions from this book(ARUN SHARMA FOR CAT)

DEALING WITH CRYPTOARITHMETIC PROBLEMS

SUPERB WAY TO SOLVE CRYPTOARITHMETIC PROBLEMS

General Rules:
1. Each alphabet takes only one number from 0 to 9 uniquely.
2. Two single digit numbers sum can be maximum 19 with carryover.  So carry over in problems of two number addition is always 1.
3. Try to solve left most digit in the given problem.
4. If a × b = kb, then the following are the possibilities
(3 × 5 = 15; 7 × 5 = 35; 9 × 5 = 45) or (2 × 6 = 12; 4 × 6 = 24; 8 × 6 = 48)

Solved Example 1:
The following questions are based on the following multiplication, where each digit has been replaced by an alphabet.

1. Find the value of J and A.

2. If E = 4, what is the value of D?

Explanation:

From the first two of multiplication, you can clearly say that B = 1, as JE x B = JE.  From the second row of multiplication, A = 0 as in the multiplication, second row should start from tenth's place. So A = 0.  Now in the hundred's place, J + Something = 10.  When you add something to the single digit number that results in 10. So  J = 9. Now from the above table, we cannot determine values of E and D, but we can say, that E and D are consecutive. As it is given that E = 4, we can say D = 3.

Solved Example 2:
From the multiplication below, What is the value of NAME?

Explanation:

From the first row of multiplication, H =1 is clear, As HE x H = HE. Substitute H = 1 in all places. Now from the tenth's place, think about, the value of A. 1 + A = M.  If M is a single digit number, then N = 1, which is impossible (Already we have given H = 1). So A = 9, Then M = 0, and N = 2. Now 1E x E = 119. So by trial and error E = 7.
Therefore, NAME = 2907

Solved Example 3:
Decipher the following multiplication table

Explanation:
Step 1:  What could be the value of A which is the left most digit in the answer? From the second row of multiplication, we know that A x E = A. So A cannot be 1.
From the tenth's place addition, I + A = A.  So I = 0. Now from the Ten-thousand's place addition, 1 + G + 0 = A. So G = 1 and A = 2.

Step 2: From the second row of multiplication, 2 x E = 2, Also from first row of multiplication T x E = 2.

So E should take 6, and T should take 7. (These are the only possibilities)
If E= 6, then E x T = 6 x 7 = 42. So 4 carry over.  Now 7 x Y + 4 = 0. So Y = 8.

Now S = 4 as 7 x 6 + 6 = 48.  Also M = 3.
Final answer looks like this:

Solved Example 4:
If SEND + MORE = MONEY then find the respective values
Explanation:
Addition of two numbers with 'n' digits,  results in a n+1 digits, then the left most place always = 1.
So M=1. Substitute this value.
Now 'o' cannot be 1 as M already 1.  It may not be 2 either as S+1 = 12 or 1 + S + 1 = 12 in the both cases S is a two digit number. So 'o' is nothing but zero.  Put o = 0.
Now S can be either 8 or 9. If S = 8, then there must be a carry over.
E + 0 = 10 + N or 1 + E + 0 = 10 + N
In the above two cases, E - N = 10 is not possible and E - N = 9 not possible as as N cannot be zero.
So E = 9.
Now E + 0 = N is not possible as E = N.  So 1 + E = N possible.

The possible cases are, N + R = 10 + E - - - (1) or 1 + N + R = 10 + E - - - (2)
Substituting E = N -1 in the first equation, N + R = 10 + N - 1, we get R = 9 which is not possible.
Substituting E = N - 1 in the second equation, 1 + N + R = 10 + N - 1, we get R = 8.
We know that N and E are consecutive and N is larger. Take (N, E) = (7, 6) check and substitute, you wont get any unique value for D.
Take (N, E) = (6, 5), Now you get D = 7, Y = 2.

Solved Example 5:
Find the values of all the alphabets if each alphabet represent a single digit from 0 - 9

Explanation:
Let us name the columns as below

We know that sum of two single digit alphabets should not cross 18, and maximum difference between two alphabets is 9.
If we add two maximum 4 digit numbers the sum is maximum 19998.  So the digit in the 5th left is 1.
Now from the 1st column 1 + E = 1F; if there is any carry over from the 2nd column 1 + 1 + E = 1F
But 1F is a two digit number in alphanumeric is equal to 10 + F
So $1+E=10+F\Rightarrow E-F=9$
From this relatlion we know that E = 9, F = 0
or $1+1+E=10+F\Rightarrow E-F=8$
E = 9, F = 1 or E = 8, F = 0
From the above we can infer that F = 0 but we dont know whether E is equal to either 8 or 9.  But surely F is not equal to 1 as we fixed already A = 1
Now from the 3rd column,
2C= 1 ⇒ C = 1/2
1 + 2C = 1 ⇒ C = 0
If the sum is a two digit number then
2C = 11 ⇒ C= 11/2
1 + 2C = 11 ⇒ C = 5
From the above C = 1/2 and 11/2 are not possible nor is 0 possible as we fixed F = 0
If C = 5 the the A = 1 and there is a carry over to the left column. and also there must be carry over from the first column, but we dont know 1 + 2B is a single digit or two digit number
From the second and fourth columns
1+2B = G  - - - - (1) or 1 + 2B = 10 + G - - -  (2)
D + B = 10 + G - - - (3)
Solving (1) and (3) we get D - B = 11 which is not possible
But If we solve (2) and (3) then we get D - B = 1
So D and B are consecutive numbers and their sum is more than 10.  So acceptable values are D = 7 and B = 6
This completes our problem so final table looks like the following

Solved Example 6:

Find the alphabets in the following multiplication

Explanation:

This is a tough question as there are total 9 different alphabets are used. 

Step 1: K + A = A. So K = 0

Step 2: From the hundreds column, 2B + A = 10 or 20. As 2B, 10, 20 are even, A should be even.  Remember this logic. 

Possibilities are, for A and B are (2, 4), (4, 3), (6, 2), (8, 1) and (2, 9), (4, 8), (6, 7), (8, 6)

In the second row of multiplication, we have PAS x B = ASAA. 

P2S x 4 = 2S22 ⇒S = 3, 8 But both are not satisfying. 

P4S x 3 = 4S44 ⇒S = 8.  But  P48 x 3 = 4844 is not possible. Ruled out. 

P6S x 2 = 6S66 ⇒S = 3, 8.  But both are not satisfying. Ruled out. 

P2S x 9 = 2S22 ⇒S = 8 But P28 x 9 = 2822 is not possible. Ruled out.

P4S x 8 = 4S44 ⇒S = 3.  This is possible as P43 x 8 = 4344 then P = 5. 

P6S x 7 = 6S66 ⇒S = 8 But P68 x 7 = 6866 is not possible. Ruled out.

P8S x 6 = 8S88 ⇒S = 3, 8 But both are not satisfying. Ruled out.

Therefore, S = 3, P = 5, A = 4, B = 8. 

From the above diagram, R = 6 and E = 2. and A = 7 and W = 1. 

Final Solution:

Solved Example 7:

Find the values of A, B and C if $ABC=A!+B!+C!$ where ABC is a three digit number
Explanation:
By symmetry, we take A is the maximum number of the three alphabets.
Let us say A can take a maximum value of 6.
Then 6! = 720 but as have we taken  maximum value is 6 720 is not possible
So A should take 5. Then 5! = 120
Now from the above we know that one the B and C should take 1 as their value as 120 consists of 1.
$\Rightarrow$ 5! + 1! = 121
If we take 4 as one of the number then 5!+ 1! + 4!  = 145 or 1! + 4! + 5! = 145

Solved Example 8:
Find the values of A, B and C if $ABC=A^3+B^3+C^3$  where ABC is a three digit number.
Explanation:
Let us say maximum value of A, B, C is equal to 4 then we dont get any satisfactory values for ABC
If we take maximum value is 5 then $A^3$ = $5^3$ = 125 as this is a three digit number one of the number is equal to 1.
$\Rightarrow$ $5^3+1^3$ = 126.  Now for $3^3$ we get $153=1^3+5^3+3^3$
From the above reasoning the other numbers satisfy the above relation are 370, 371 and 407.

INSTALLATION OF WINDOWS 10 ON YOUR PC - STEP BY STEP GUIDE

• Upgrade from Windows 7 or 8: Microsoft still offers a free Windows 10 upgrade to PC users who use accessibility tools. You can also still install Windows 10 and enter a Windows 7 or 8 key in the installer to receive a free Windows 10 upgrade license. Once you’ve performed the upgrade once, your PC has a Windows 10 license forever. So, if you upgraded when Windows 10 was released and downgraded shortly after, you’re still eligible to upgrade to Windows 10 for free. A license associated with your PC is stored on Microsoft’s servers.
• Buy a new PC with Windows 10: If your PC came with Windows 10 installed, it likely has a license key embedded into its UEFI firmware. The manufacturer paid for a license and you can reinstall Windows 10 on the PC without entering the key. Windows 10’s installer will pull the key from a chip on the motherboard.
• Purchase a Windows 10 license: If you’re building your own PC and don’t yet have an operating system, you can purchase a Windows 10 license from Microsoft, just as you could with previous versions of Windows.
• Don’t get a license: You can also install Windows 10 without entering a product key. You’ll see messages telling you your Windows 10 system isn’t licensed and needs to be activated, but it will be completely usable. You can even purchase a Windows 10 license from the Store within Windows 10 to turn it into a properly licensed Windows 10 PC. This is a convenient solution for testing Windows 10 on a PC without purchasing it first.

Once you know which method is going to work for you, proceed to one of the sections below to install Windows 10.

How to Upgrade to Windows 10 from Windows 7 or 8

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You can use Microsoft’s upgrade tool to install Windows 10 on your PC if you already have Windows 7 or 8.1 installed. This will also make it possible to downgrade and go back to Windows 7 or 8.1 after you perform the upgrade, if you don’t like it.

If you’re taking advantage of the the Assistive Technologies offer, just download the tool from the Assistive Technologies website and click through the wizard. It will give your PC a free Windows 10 license and install Windows 10.

If you’re upgrading to Windows 10 for another reason—perhaps you’ve previously upgraded to Windows 10 on the current PC and it already has a valid license—you can use the Download Windows 10 tool. Click “Download Tool Now”, run it, and select “Upgrade this PC”. Follow the instructions on your screen to complete the upgrade process.

The tool you use will download the Windows 10 installation files and begin the installation process.

How to Get Installation Media and Do a Clean Install of Windows 10

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How to do a Clean Install of Windows 10, the Easy Way

If you don’t want to upgrade from an existing Windows installation, you can download the official Windows 10 installation media for free from Microsoft and perform a clean install. To do this, visit Microsoft’s Download Windows 10 page, click “Download Tool Now”, and run the downloaded file. Select “Create installation media for another PC”.

Be sure to select the language, edition, and architecture you want to install of Windows 10. If you’re installing it on a PC with a 64-bit CPU, you probably want the 64-bit version. If you’re installing it on a PC with a 32-bit CPU, you’ll need the 32-bit version. You can check what type of CPU your PC has if you don’t know off the top of your head.

If you’re installing Windows 10 on the current PC, just keep the “Use the recommended options for this PC” box checked and the tool will automatically download the correct version for your current PC.

The tool will allow you to copy the Windows 10 installation files to a USB drive or burn them to a DVD. If you’re using a USB drive, it must be 4 GB or larger in size. All files on the USB drive will be erased as part of this process.

If you want to install Windows 10 in a virtual machine, select the “ISO file” option here. The tool will download an ISO file, and you can then boot the downloaded ISO in a virtual machine to install Windows 10 inside it

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Once you’ve created installation media, you’ll need to insert it into the PC you want to install Windows 10 on. You then boot from the installation media. This may require modifying the boot order in your PC’s BIOS or UEFI firmware.

On the Windows Setup screen, select your language, time and currency format, and keyboard layout. Click “Next” to continue.

When you reach the installer screen, select “Install Now” and follow the instructions to install Windows 10 on your PC.

When you see the Activate Windows screen, you’ll need to either enter a key or skip it. You may not see this screen if Windows 10 automatically detects a key associated with your PC’s hardware.

• If you’ve never installed and activated Windows 10 on this computer before, enter your Windows 10 key here. If you don’t have one, but you have a valid Windows 7, 8, or 8.1 key, enter it here instead.
• If you’ve previously taken advantage of the free Windows 10 upgrade offer on this PC, click “I don’t have a product key”. Windows will automatically activate with a “digital license” associated with your PC’s hardware on Microsoft’s servers once it’s installed.

When you reach the “Which type of installation do you want?” screen, click “Custom” to perform a clean installation and remove everything on your PC. (If you’ve changed your mind and want to upgrade your existing installation, you can click “Upgrade”.)

On the next screen, select the hard drive you want to install Windows on and erase it. If you have multiple partitions on that drive, you may want to erase those as well.

Warning: When you delete a partition, you’re also deleting all the files on that partition. Be sure you have backups of any important files before doing this!

When you’re done erasing partitions, you should have a big block of “Unallocated Space”. Select that, click “New”, and once it’s formatted your drive, click Next.

Windows 10 will install itself, and may restart a few times during this process. When it’s done, you’ll see the normal setup interface you see when setting up Windows 10 on any new PC, where you can add user accounts and adjust various settings.

How to Reinstall Windows 10 on a PC That Already Has Windows 10

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How to Easily Reinstall Windows 10 Without the Bloatware

If you already have Windows 10 on your PC and want to perform a fresh install, you can also do that.

Windows 10’s Creators Update makes it much easier to install Windows 10 from scratch. You can use the “Fresh start” option in Windows Defender to get a completely fresh-from-Microsoft Windows 10 system. Unlike the standard Refresh and Reset options, which preserve any bloatware your PC manufacturer installed, this will wipe away all that manufacturer-installed stuff and just leave a fresh Windows 10 system.

If you don’t currently have Windows 10 installed or just prefer doing things the old-fashioned way, you can also use the Download Windows 10 application to create Windows 10 installation media and reinstall from scratch, if you prefer. Whether your PC came with a Windows 10 license or you previously took advantage of the free upgrade offer, you won’t need to enter a license key during this process. Your Windows 10 license will be automatically acquired from your PC’s hardware or via Microsoft’s servers.